Many types of apparatus are used for scientific work in the laboratories. however, we have compiled all possible common and comprehensive list of 20 laboratory apparatus and their uses. they enable us to carry out experiments successfully and make accurate measurements or observations. all common laboratory apparatus should be drawn in outline only and in their correct proportions.
50 common Laboratory Apparatus is as follows:
- Bunsen burner
- Tripod
- Tripod stand
- Wire gauze
- Stand bath
- Test tube
- A Test tube holder
- Test tube stand
- Beakers
- Conical or titration flask
- Funnel
- Glass funnel
- Rubber stopper
- Reagent bottle
- Wash bottle
- Aspirator
- Glass tubing
- Ring Clamp
- china dish (Evaporating Dish)
- Crucible tong
- Condenser
- Crucible with cover
- Measuring cylinders
- Mortar and pestle
- Forceps
- Flat bottomed flask
- Filter paper
- Measuring flasks
- No of weights
- Desiccator
- Spatula
- Stirring rod
- Separatory funnel
- pH meter
- Burette
- Burette clamp
- Buchner funnel
- Pipette
- Test tube rack
- Test tube brush
- Thermometer
- Watch glass
- Iron stand
- the Iron Clamp
- Iron ring
- Rubber tubing
- Litmus paper
- Clay Triangles
- Pipet Bulb
Some of the items of common laboratory apparatus used in the laboratory are shown below. Names and functions of the apparatus used in the laboratory are:
Bunsen burner
A Bunsen burner is a source of heat or mechanical appliances for which absolute safety is required while using Bunsen Burner. it is linked to a flammable gas source. Mostly a knob is used to adjust the gas flow amount and a pivot collar that manages airflow. Both the knob and collar must be adjusted to get an excellent flame for heating things.
Tripod stand
It is usually made of stainless steel or Aluminum having three supporting legs. The apparatus to be heated is placed on the tripod stand. It is mainly used to support or hold the beakers or flasks during the experiments. A Bunsen burner is placed underneath the tripod stand due to its height.
Wire Gauze
It is the iron wire gauze piece posted with asbestos in the center. It is placed on the tripod stand so that the flame does not touch the glass apparatus directly, reducing the danger of its breaking.
Test Tubes
A test tube is a glass tube with one end closed and the other end open. The closed-end is in a round shape. Test tubes are used in laboratories to hold small samples. They are mainly used for qualitative comparison and assessment. A very commonplace to see test tubes is the biochemistry lab. When large numbers of the sample are needed to be compared and tested, these test tubes are used to make this easier. They are also easily covered or capped with a glass or rubber stopper.
Safety Tip: Never heat a covered or capped test tube.
Beakers
Beakers are a very common laboratory instrument and are widely useful in the laboratory as a reaction container. They are also used for holding liquid and solid samples or catch liquids from different titrations or filtrates from filtering operations. A beaker is a simple can in most labs. It is used for heating, stirring, and mixing chemicals. Most beakers have spouts on their rims to easy pouring.
They also usually have lips around their rims and markings to measure the volume of liquid they contain. They are not a piece of proper equipment to measure liquids. Beakers are available in a wide range depending on their sizes, such as 50cm3, 100cm3, 250cm3, or 500cm3 are available.
Beaker Tongs
Titration flasks
It is also known as a Conical Flask. The Erlenmeyer flask was titled in 1861, after its inventor. It has a slim neck and widens toward its base. This allows easy swirling and mixing of the flask without too much possibility of spilling. The narrow opening also allows the use of a glass or rubber stopper. It can comfortably be clamped to a ring stand as well as shaken or heated easily. Once again, the numberings on the side are meant mainly for estimation not for precision.
Safety Tip: A significant safety tip here is to never heat the flask while it is covered. This causes pressure build-up that results in an explosion.
Funnels
A lab funnel is also like any other funnel but it was specially designed to be used in a laboratory. They are made up of glass or plastic and have either a long stem or a short stem, depending on the purpose, they are needed for. There are a lot of sizes that can be chosen depending upon the amount of liquid that needs to go through them easily and quickly. Funnels are of different sizes 3cm, 5cm, 8cm etc.
Evaporating Dish (China Dish)
It is a small dish made of porcelain used for evaporating and concentrating the dilute solutions. It is available in different sizes.
Graduated or Measuring cylinders
This is an essential measuring tool for the volume of any liquid. There are a lot of markings, up and down the whole length of the container with special increments. Graduated cylinders are of many sizes. The smaller they are in size or diameter, the more exact or accurate the volume measurements will be. When reviewing the volume from a graduated cylinder, you will consider that the liquid seems to have some indentation.
The liquid around the edges of Graduated Cylinders will be higher than the liquid in the center. This is known as a meniscus. Keep the cylinder at a leveled surface to properly read the volume. They are also available in different sizes 5cm3, 10cm3, 20cm3, 50cm3, 100cm3 and 1000cm3.
SOURCE: Laboratory Apparatus and their Uses with drawing and Pictures (guidancecorner.com)
